Its impact has been crucial to the success of the Voyager missions to deep space, the invention of the compact disc, the feasibility of mobile phones and the development of the Internet. for ZIP files), and channel coding/ error detection and correction (e.g. Important sub-fields of information theory include source coding, algorithmic complexity theory, algorithmic information theory and information-theoretic security.Īpplications of fundamental topics of information theory include source coding/ data compression (e.g. Some other important measures in information theory are mutual information, channel capacity, error exponents, and relative entropy. For example, identifying the outcome of a fair coin flip (with two equally likely outcomes) provides less information (lower entropy, less uncertainty) than specifying the outcome from a roll of a die (with six equally likely outcomes). Entropy quantifies the amount of uncertainty involved in the value of a random variable or the outcome of a random process. : vii The field, in applied mathematics, is at the intersection of probability theory, statistics, computer science, statistical mechanics, information engineering, and electrical engineering.Ī key measure in information theory is entropy. The field was originally established by the works of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley, in the 1920s, and Claude Shannon in the 1940s. Information theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information.
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